Marginalised Voices in Criminology: Race and place 1
Tracks
Track 2
Wednesday, July 10, 2024 |
12:10 PM - 1:40 PM |
Executive Room B (TIC) |
Speaker
Dr Bisi Akintoye
Lecturer In Criminology
University Of Roehampton
'The Talk': Black British Experiences of Racialised Policing
Abstract
The policing of Black British communities has long represented the contentious relationship between ethnic minority communities and the British state. While much research has focused on racial disproportionalities in policing, including stop and search, arrest and detention, there has been little exploration how racialised policing is experienced culturally in Black communities. Aplying a critical race theory lens to British policing in the post-war period, the research finds that race continues to be the crucial mechanism in producing the policing experiences of generations of Black British people. The data provides insight into how experiences of policing are transmitted intergenerationally through cultural narratives that may be more powerful than actual experiences. These narratives are drawn from the legacy of racialisation and criminalisation of Black communities throughout modern British history and British imperial lineages of social control of the racialised ‘other’. Using qualitative interviews from 58 Black young people, parents and community workers, this paper argues that there is no homogenous Black experience of policing but that ongoing experiences of racialised policing have produced negative perspectives of the police throughout communities. The development of cultural narrative frameworks through direct discussion in the form of 'the Talk', and the indirect transmission of information through cultural understandings are explored. Taking an intersectional approach to policing, the ways in which race, gender, age, class, and immigration histories enable analysis how structural and cultural positionality mediate policing experiences. These cultural narratives, drawn from decades of racialised policing, have deeply embedded negative perceptions of the police throughout Black communities. This has significant implications for the future relationship between the police and Black Britons.
Dr. Daniel Stageman
Director Of Research
John Jay College Cuny
A Minimum of Unpleasantness for All Parties Concerned: Race, Place and Policing in the History of New York City
Abstract
Since establishment in 1845, the NYPD has played a central role in establishing symbolic and geographic boundaries between New York City’s racial groups. This racialized policing is most evident in its approach to major incidents of public disorder: riots, protests, and civil unrest occurring throughout the city’s history. The department’s contemporary racialized policing practices can be understood best as the legacy of its approach to these signal events throughout the city’s history, and the social, economic, political, legal, and cultural factors that they reflect. The NYPD has historically exercised the state monopoly on violence to enforce systems and structures of power that favored the city’s white residents – a racial category that evolved throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries to encompass previously excluded European ethnicities and nationalities – by enacting punitive policies and practices targeting Black New Yorkers. Using archival records, we identify and explain these policies and practices, the racialized power structures and systems of advantage that they supported, and the compounding harms that they inflicted on New York City’s communities of color. By acknowledging these harms, the NYPD can begin a process of redress and reconciliation designed and implemented by John Jay College’s National Network for Safe Communities.
Dr Dacia Leslie
Senior Fellow
SALISES, The UWI
What Is Caribbean Criminology?
Abstract
This paper examines the influence of colonial legacies, transnational influences, and local dynamics that help to define the contours of Caribbean Criminology, a burgeoning and distinctive field of study. It acknowledges the specificity of the Caribbean experience while fostering connections to broader theoretical frameworks by drawing on a synthesis of current research, theoretical advancements, and societal shifts. Caribbean Criminology remains relevant because it offers targeted insights often overlooked by generic theories. It also provides a nuanced perspective on the region’s complex dynamics and fosters a more inclusive and representative approach to understanding and addressing crime in the Caribbean region. However, continued effort and development in policy implementation, data availability and interdisciplinary collaboration can enhance its impact. The paper, therefore, provides a clearer understanding of the field’s identity and purpose, which is also needed to augment its potential impact on addressing crime and justice issues affecting Caribbean people within the region and diaspora.
Mgr. Martina Novopacka
Scientific Researcher
Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention
Segregation and Policing in the Global East: Uncovering the Racial Divide within Marginalized Communities in Postsocialist Czechia
Abstract
This research investigates the policing of marginalized populations in Czechia, focusing on segregated areas officially recognized as „socially excluded localities“. Utilizing a quantitative survey with 2,566 residents of these areas, the research aims to pinpoint predictive factors associated with police scrutiny, incarceration rates, imposition of fines, engagements with Child Protection Services, and the looming threat of child removal. Emphasizing the experiences of both Roma and non-Roma residents, the research sheds light on potential racial divide in law enforcement practices. Key factors influencing these outcomes are explored, providing insight into the dynamics of policing within marginalized communities. The study aims to highlight any systemic biases or inequalities, particularly concerning the treatment of different demographic groups. Considering the dearth of knowledge on policing practices within Global East countries in global criminology, this study contributes to filling crucial gaps in understanding and addressing systemic issues of policing and marginalization in these regions. Furthermore, given the historical migration of Roma people from Czechia to the UK due to racial discrimination, understanding and addressing the policing dynamics within marginalized populations in Czechia holds particular significance for the UK, where these communities have sought refuge from such injustices.